Capacity and Resource Management

Correct Answer: Re-allocate resources based on critical tasks and consider task dependencies to avoid any bottlenecks.

The best answer is 'Re-allocate resources based on critical tasks and consider task dependencies to avoid any bottlenecks.' When managing a project, it is important to prioritize tasks based on their impact on the overall project. Critical tasks, those that have a large impact on the project timeline, should be prioritized. This may require reallocation of resources to ensure these tasks are completed on time. Using this approach allows for better handling of limited resources and efficient project execution. The other answer 'Dispatch all late tasks equally among all resources, regardless of their workload.' is not a good solution. Adding more tasks to already overloaded resources could lead to burnout and reduce their overall productivity. Asking resources already over-allocated to work overtime, 'Ask resources already over-allocated to work overtime' would not be an effective long-term solution. While it might address the issue in the short term, it could lead to decreased morale and increase the risk of burnout among project resources. 'Ignoring the problem; the resources should improve their efficiency on their own.' is the least effective solution. Ignoring bottlenecks can lead to larger issues down the road, and assuming that resources will improve their efficiency on their own is an unrealistic expectation.

Correct Answer: Ensure knowledge transfer to other resources and revise the project plan to redistribute tasks

When a resource leaves an ongoing project, especially a high-risk one, one must aim for continuity with minimal disruptions. The best way to do this would be to ensure knowledge transfer to other resources and revise the project plan to redistribute tasks. This ensures the project does not come to a halt, uses existing resources efficiently and the learning of the outgoing resource is not lost. Delaying any tasks until the resource returns does not ensure project continuity and can delay the project considerably. Fast tracking the remaining tasks could risk the project as it might result in rushing decisions and diminishing the quality of outputs. Hiring an external substitute without proper briefings can lead to a knowledge gap, as they may not have a complete understanding of the project requirements, which can lead to errors and delays.

Correct Answer: Implement a resource leveling strategy

The most effective approach for managing a project with significant resource demand fluctuations throughout its lifecycle is to implement a resource leveling strategy.

Resource leveling is a technique used to optimize the allocation of resources over time, ensuring that resource usage is balanced and aligned with project needs. This approach allows for flexibility in resource allocation, which is crucial when dealing with varying demands.

Here's why this is the best answer:

1. Adaptability: Resource leveling allows for adjustments based on changing project requirements.
2. Efficiency: It helps prevent overallocation or underutilization of resources.
3. Cost-effectiveness: By optimizing resource usage, it can help control project costs.
4. Risk mitigation: It reduces the risk of resource shortages or excesses during critical project phases.

The other options are less suitable:

Assigning all resources at maximum capacity from the start is inefficient and costly. It doesn't account for periods of lower demand and may lead to resource waste.

Using a fixed resource allocation plan for the entire project duration lacks the flexibility needed to address varying resource demands. It may result in resource shortages or excesses at different project stages.

Relying solely on overtime to meet peak resource demands is not sustainable. It can lead to burnout, increased costs, and potential quality issues. It's a reactive approach rather than a proactive resource management strategy.

In conclusion, implementing a resource leveling strategy provides the necessary flexibility and efficiency to manage projects with fluctuating resource demands effectively.