Project Resource Optimization

Correct Answer: Resource Leveling

The best practice to apply when optimizing resources to ensure no over-allocation in a project is 'Resource Leveling.' This technique ensures that the demand for resources does not exceed the supply during the project lifecycle and is a method of resolving over-allocation problems. Resource Leveling often results in a project duration longer than initially planned, but it ensures the most effective use of resources. On the other hand, 'Resource Smoothing' is a technique that only adjusts the project model's time, not tasks, without extending the project timescale, but it doesn't guarantee the avoidance of over-allocation. 'Multi-Project Scheduling' involves scheduling multiple projects simultaneously and is irrelevant to resource allocation. Lastly, 'Risk Prioritization' relates to identifying and ranking project risks; it doesn't deal directly with resource allocation or optimization.

Correct Answer: Implement resource leveling to balance workload across the project timeline

The most effective resource optimization technique for addressing consistent overtime work is to implement resource leveling to balance workload across the project timeline. This approach is the best because:

1. It directly addresses the root cause of overtime by redistributing work more evenly.
2. It helps prevent burnout and maintains team morale.
3. It improves overall project efficiency and productivity.
4. It doesn't require additional resources or major schedule changes.

Resource leveling involves adjusting the start and finish dates of tasks to resolve resource conflicts or over-allocations, ensuring a more balanced workload throughout the project.

The other options are less effective:

Increasing the number of team members may not solve the underlying issue of poor resource allocation and could introduce new challenges like increased coordination efforts and costs.

Adjusting the project schedule to allow more time between deliverables might help in the short term but doesn't address the core problem of resource management and could lead to project delays.

Applying resource smoothing is similar to leveling but focuses on optimizing resource usage within fixed time constraints. While it can be useful, it may not be as effective as leveling in this scenario where the primary issue is consistent overtime work.

Correct Answer: Reallocate tasks based on current team skills and provide necessary training to fill the gap.

The optimal solution under budget and timeline constraints would be to 'Reallocate tasks based on current team skills and provide necessary training to fill the gap.' This approach is cost-effective and time-efficient considering the constraints. The alternatives are not optimal: 'Hire an expensive expert to fill the skill gap.' places an extra burden on the already constrained budget. 'Ignore the skill gap and continue with other team members.' does not address the problem and might lead to poor quality or project failure. And finally, 'Request a project timeline extension to find a replacement.' may not be accepted and could delay the project, affecting its successful delivery.