In the context of CISM (Certified Information Security Manager) and Information Security Risk Response, Risk and Control Ownership are pivotal for effective governance and management of an organization’s information security framework. **Risk Ownership** refers to the assignment of responsibility to specific individuals or roles for managing particular information security risks. The risk owner is accountable for identifying, assessing, monitoring, and mitigating the risk to an acceptable level. This includes understanding the risk’s potential impact on the organization, determining the likelihood of its occurrence, and implementing strategies to address it. Effective risk ownership ensures that risks are actively managed and not left unattended, promoting accountability and proactive risk management within the organization**Control Ownership**, on the other hand, involves assigning responsibility for specific controls that are designed to mitigate identified risks. A control owner is responsible for the implementation, operation, and maintenance of these controls. This includes ensuring that controls are effectively designed to address the associated risks, monitoring their performance, and making necessary adjustments in response to changing risk landscapes or organizational needs. Control owners must ensure that controls are not only in place but are also functioning as intended and are compliant with relevant policies and regulationsBoth risk and control ownership are essential for establishing clear accountability within the organization. They facilitate a structured approach to risk management, where responsibilities are clearly delineated, and each risk and control is managed by designated personnel. This clarity helps in tracking the effectiveness of risk mitigation efforts, ensuring that security measures are continuously improved and aligned with the organization’s strategic objectives. In the CISM framework, emphasizing risk and control ownership aligns with best practices in governance, risk management, and compliance, ultimately enhancing the organization’s ability to protect its information assets against evolving threats.