Guide on Transport Layer Security and Secure Sockets Layer
What is it?
Transport Layer Security (TLS) and its predecessor, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), are cryptographic protocols designed to provide secure communication over a network. These technologies are most notably used in situations where a secure data transmission is required, such as during online banking or e-commerce transactions.
Why is it important?
TLS and SSL are essential for protecting sensitive data during transmission. They accomplish this by encrypting the data being transmitted, which prevents eavesdroppers from being able to see the data.
How does it work?
TLS and SSL work by establishing a 'secure handshake' between the client and the server. This handshake involves the client and server agreeing on a cryptographic algorithm to use and the exchange of cryptographic keys. Once this handshake is completed, any data exchanged between the client and server is encrypted using the agreed-upon encryption algorithm.
Exam Tips: Answering Questions on Transport Layer Security and Secure Sockets Layer
To answer exam questions on these concepts, you should:
1. Understand the difference between SSL and TLS: The primary differences are the supported cipher suites and key sizes, as well as the complexity of their handshake protocols.
2. Know the basics of how a 'secure handshake' works: This involves understanding the client hello, server hello, server certificate, client and server key exchange, and change cipher spec messages.
3. Comprehend how to implement SSL/TLS: Know when and where to use SSL/TLS, as well as how to set up and configure security settings on servers and clients.
4. Be aware of common vulnerabilities and countermeasures: This includes topics like cryptographic weaknesses, SSL stripping, and certificate spoofing.