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IPv4 and IPv6

5 minutes 5 Questions

IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4) is the most widely used version of the Internet Protocol, which is responsible for addressing devices on a network and facilitating data transmission. IPv4 uses a 32-bit address space, which offers approximately 4.3 billion unique IP addresses. However, due to the…

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CompTIA Network+ - IPv4 and IPv6 Example Questions

Test your knowledge of IPv4 and IPv6

Question 1

A network administrator at a small company is tasked with assigning IPv4 addresses to new employees' desktop computers. The network's address range is 192.168.1.0/24. When assigning the IP address 192.168.1.255, the administrator finds that the employee cannot connect to the network. What is the likely cause?

Correct Answer: The IP address is a broadcast address.

The IP address 192.168.1.255 in a /24 network is a broadcast address. In internet protocol versions 4 (IPv4), the broadcast address is always the last address in the network. It's used to send information to all computers in the network simultaneously. It's not valid for a specific host The IP address is not a multicast address. Multicasting allows for a single transmission to be delivered to a group of recipients. A multicast address would fall in the range of 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 which is different from the address in the scenario It's also not a loopback address. Loopback IP addresses range from 127.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255. They are used to test network software without physically installing a Network Interface Card (NIC) and are also used for interprocess communication on the local computer Lastly, the IP address 192.168.1.255 is actually part of the range of private addresses (192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255), but even within this range, certain addresses like the one ending in .255 (in a /24 network) are reserved for specific uses like broadcasting.

Question 2

A network administrator wants to configure an IPv4 network where hosts are assigned IP addresses dynamically. Which protocol should be configured to achieve this?

Correct Answer: DHCP

The correct answer is DHCP. DHCP, or Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, is used to dynamically distribute network configuration parameters, such as IP addresses, for interfaces and services. In other words, it allows hosts to obtain IP addresses dynamically. ICMP, or Internet Control Message Protocol, is used for error reporting and diagnostic functions, and does not allocate IP addresses. RIP, or Routing Information Protocol, and IGMP, or Internet Group Management Protocol, are both protocols related to routing, not the allocation of IP addresses.

Question 3

A network engineer is troubleshooting a connectivity issue between two routers and confirms that all physical connections are functioning. The IPv6 addresses for the two routers are fe80::1/64 and 2001:db8::1/64, respectively. What is the likely issue?

Correct Answer: The routers use different IPv6 address scopes.

The issue here is that the routers are using different IPv6 address scopes. The IPv6 address fe80::1/64 is a link-local address, which is used for communication within a network segment. The other address 2001:db8::1/64 is a global unicast address which can be used to communicate over the internet or larger networks. Therefore, communication between these two routers would not be possible because of the different address scopes. The other answers are incorrect because: IPv6 not being enabled on the routers can't be the issue as the question mentions IPv6 addresses are in use. DHCP server is not required for IPv6, routers use NDP (Neighbor Discovery Protocol) for address assignment and others purposes. Lastly, IPv4 addresses aren't required for routers to use IPv6, they operate on different protocols and can function independently.

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