Network Topology Analysis

Correct Answer: Test individual cable sections for damage

The correct answer is 'Test individual cable sections for damage.' In a bus topology network, if a cable becomes damaged, it could interrupt the whole network. By testing individual sections, the technician can identify if there's a problem with a specific section and replace only that section, thus minimizing network downtime. 'Replace the entire backbone' can also diagnose issues but this can take more time and cause more disruption. 'Switch to a ring topology' is restructuring the entire network altogether, which is time-consuming and costly, and thus, not the best solution for minimizing downtime. Lastly, 'Adding more devices' does not aid in diagnosing issues and could potentially add more complications.

Correct Answer: Reposition the access point with weak signal

The best solution is to 'Reposition the access point with weak signal'. In a mesh topology, the placement of each access point greatly influences the strength of the network signal because each access point directly communicates with the other points in the network. If a node, or in this case an access point, is showing a weak signal, it might be caused by the placement of the access point in relation to the other points. Adjusting the location can enhance the signal strength. The other answers are not solutions to the problem. 'Implement a star topology' isn't a practical solution because it requires the entire network configuration to be changed, and it doesn't address the weak signal directly. 'Replace the access point's antenna' may increase the signal strength, but this is typically not the first action to take as it costs extra resources and it might not be necessary if only a re-positioning of the access point can fix the problem. 'Change the Wi-Fi frequency' is another possible solution to improve the signal strength, but typically it's less likely to be effective, as it would solve problems related to interference, which is not indicated in the problem statement.

Correct Answer: VLANs in a hierarchical topology

The VLANs in a hierarchical topology would result in the most secure network. VLANs, or Virtual Local Area Networks, allow a network administrator to segment the network. This means each segment, or VLAN, is its own distinct entity. This segmentation enhances network security as it limits an unauthorized user to the specific VLAN they are able to access. It can also manage traffic and create efficient use of bandwidth. On the other hand, bus, ring and star topologies do not have inherent segmentation capabilities. While these topologies could still be secured using certain protocols and firewalls, they do not provide the same innate security benefit that VLANs in a hierarchical topology do.