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Ethernet

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Ethernet is a widely used technology for wired networks in local area networks (LANs). It is a standardized protocol that enables devices to communicate on a network by transmitting data frames over physical media, such as cables with twisted pairs or fiber optic. Ethernet is governed by the IEEE 802.3 standards, which specify various aspects, including data rates, cable types, and error correction. Ethernet has evolved over time, offering different data rates, from the original 10 megabits per second (Mbps) to the latest standards, supporting up to 400 gigabits per second (Gbps). Ethernet enables connectivity between devices, such as computers, routers, and switches, using Media Access Control (MAC) addresses for identifying and addressing devices on a network.

Guide to Ethernet

Ethernet is a crucial protocol associated with wired networks, enabling communication between devices on the same network. Understanding Ethernet is not only important for handling network infrastructure but also for excelling in exams related to CompTIA Network+.

What is Ethernet?
Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies typically used for LAN (Local Area Networks), MAN (Metropolitan Area Networks) and WAN (Wide Area Networks). It was commercially introduced in 1980 and standardized in 1983 as IEEE 802.3.

How does Ethernet work?
Ethernet uses a protocol known as Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect (CSMA/CD). Essentially, devices check the network (carrier sense) before they start transmitting data. If two devices send data simultaneously and a collision happens, the devices will stop, wait for a random amount of time and attempt to retransmit (collision detect).

Answering Questions on Ethernet in Exams:
Questions on Ethernet often focus on its functionality and application context.
1. Understand the basics: You should have a clear understanding of what Ethernet is, how it operates and its key features.
2. Know the terminology: Terms like CSMA/CD, Frame, MAC Address, etc. are frequently used in Ethernet-related questions.
3. Real-world application: You might be asked about how to use Ethernet in specific situations or how to troubleshoot common problems.
4. Stay updated: Ethernet has undergone many revisions over time, leading to multiple versions with varying speeds and features. Make sure you know the differences and uses for each version.

Studying Ethernet in depth will undoubtedly boost your score in the CompTIA Network+ exam and broaden your understanding of network technologies.

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CompTIA Network+ - Wired and Wireless Networks Example Questions

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Question 1

A company recently upgraded a network switch and now plans to use Voice over IP (VoIP) phones. How can the network ensure that the VoIP traffic has a higher priority?

Correct Answer: Configure 802.1Q tagging with a higher priority for VoIP traffic

The best method to ensure that the VoIP traffic has a higher priority is to 'Configure 802.1Q tagging with a higher priority for VoIP traffic'. This is because 802.1Q tagging, or VLAN tagging, provides the ability to logically segment a LAN into separate broadcast domains. By assigning a higher priority to VoIP traffic through QoS or Quality of Service, the switch can prioritize the VoIP packets during times of high network usage. Therefore, this aids in preventing voice quality degradation. On the other hand, 'Enable Network Address Translation', 'Enable port mirroring' and 'Configure SNMP monitoring' though important networking procedures themselves, are not directly related to improving the priority of VoIP traffic. Network Address Translation or NAT helps in modifying network address information in packet headers for different IP routing purposes. Port mirroring is often used for network appliances requiring to monitor network traffic. SNMP monitoring is used to manage network performance, find and solve network issues, and plan for network growth. None of these methods inherently provide a method to increase priority for chosen traffic like 802.1Q tagging does.

Question 2

A company is experiencing issues with their network connectivity and you suspect it's related to the Ethernet cable. What tool would be best suited to identify a break in the Ethernet cable?

Correct Answer: Cable tester

The tool best suited to identify a break in the Ethernet cable is a Cable tester. A Cable tester is specifically designed to check for issues such as breaks or faults in the cable, ensuring the cable's proper functioning. A Crimper tool, on the other hand, is used to join two pieces of metal or other malleable materials by deforming one or both of them to hold the other. Thus, it is not relevant in identifying a break in the cable. A Patch panel is a device that serves as a conduit for cable connections, but it is not a tool for diagnosing cable issues. Lastly, a Tone generator is a device used to apply specific types of tones to a line for tracing and identifying it but it does not identify a break in the cable.

Question 3

A network administrator needs to configure a new VLAN for a set of devices on the network. Which device and corresponding Ethernet standard is most appropriate for creating VLANs?

Correct Answer: Managed switch, 802.1Q

A Managed switch is used for creating VLANs as it allows for control and configuration of the ports and traffic, whereas an Unmanaged switch does not. Additionally, the 802.1Q standard is related to VLAN implementation and tagging. So, 'Managed switch, 802.1Q' is the correct answer. On the other hand, 'Unmanaged switch, 802.1Q' and 'Unmanaged switch, 802.3ab' are incorrect because an Unmanaged switch cannot create VLANs. 'Managed switch, 802.3ab' is also incorrect as 802.3ab standard is related to Gigabit Ethernet over copper wiring and not VLANs.

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