Waterfall/Traditional Lifecycle

Correct Answer: Sequential phases with formal approval gates between stages

The Waterfall lifecycle approach is characterized by sequential phases with formal approval gates between stages. This is a fundamental aspect of the traditional Waterfall methodology. Key points why this is correct: - Each phase must be completed and approved before moving to the next - Formal documentation and sign-offs are required between stages - Clear stage gates separate each phase Why other answers are incorrect: - Continuous feedback loops and adaptive planning are characteristics of Agile approaches, not Waterfall - Overlapping phases and minimal documentation contradict Waterfall's structured, documentation-heavy nature - Parallel execution with frequent adjustments describes an Agile or iterative approach, not the linear Waterfall model

Correct Answer: After all development work is completed in a dedicated test phase

In the Traditional/Waterfall lifecycle model, testing occurs as a specific dedicated phase after all development work is completed. This is a fundamental characteristic of the Waterfall methodology. The correct answer reflects the sequential nature of Waterfall, where each phase must be completed before moving to the next, and testing is its own distinct phase. The other answers describe testing approaches commonly found in Agile methodologies, not Waterfall: - Testing throughout phases with frequent integration and feedback loops is characteristic of Agile approaches - Continuous quality assurance during development phases is an Agile practice - Parallel testing with automated suites describes modern Agile/DevOps practices In Waterfall, each phase (Requirements, Design, Development, Testing, Deployment) is completed sequentially, with testing being a distinct phase that occurs after development is finished.

Correct Answer: Market demands may shift before project completion

Market demands shifting before project completion is a major challenge in implementing Waterfall methodology in modern business environments. In Waterfall, all requirements are gathered upfront and the project follows a sequential process through completion. This rigid structure means that if market conditions, technology, or customer needs change during development (which is common in today's fast-paced business environment), the project may deliver an outdated solution. The other answers are incorrect because: Waterfall actually uses a linear, not iterative process, so tracking progress is straightforward. Waterfall typically has fewer customer feedback sessions compared to Agile methods, not more. Waterfall doesn't require knowledge of Agile methodologies - it's a completely separate approach that predates Agile.