Dependency Analysis

Correct Answer: Finish-to-Start (FS) dependency

In project management, a Finish-to-Start (FS) dependency is the most common type of task relationship. It indicates that a successor task (Task A) cannot start until its predecessor task (Task B) has finished. In the scenario provided, Task A cannot begin until Task B reaches a certain milestone. Reaching a milestone in Task B signifies the completion of a significant portion or phase of Task B, which allows Task A to commence. Although Task B may not be entirely complete, the milestone acts as a finish point for the dependency relation. Furthermore, Task B's dependency on Task C for specific resources suggests that Task B cannot proceed without certain outputs or inputs from Task C, which is also characteristic of an FS dependency. Therefore, the dependency relationship described is a Finish-to-Start (FS) dependency.

Correct Answer: Both mandatory and external dependency

The project manager should focus on both the mandatory and external dependencies in this scenario. Explanation: In the given situation, there are two critical dependencies that the project manager needs to address: 1. Mandatory dependency: The specific module required by the end-users must be completed within the given timeline. This is a mandatory dependency because the project cannot be considered successful without fulfilling this requirement. The project manager must ensure that the development team prioritizes and completes the module within the specified time frame, as it is essential to the project's outcome. 2. External dependency: The end-users, who are external stakeholders, have imposed the requirement for the specific module and its timeline. This creates an external dependency because the project team does not have direct control over the end-users' requirements or expectations. The project manager must actively manage this dependency by maintaining clear communication with the end-users, understanding their needs, and keeping them informed about the project's progress. The project manager should focus on both dependencies because: - Addressing the mandatory dependency is crucial for delivering the project's key objective and ensuring its success. - Managing the external dependency is essential for aligning the project with the end-users' expectations, maintaining their satisfaction, and minimizing the risk of project delays or changes due to unmet external requirements. By focusing on both the mandatory and external dependencies, the project manager can develop a comprehensive plan that prioritizes the critical module, allocates resources efficiently, and keeps the end-users engaged and informed throughout the project lifecycle. The other dependencies mentioned in the options are less relevant in this context: - Discretionary dependencies are based on preferences or best practices and can be modified if necessary. - Internal dependencies exist between tasks within the project team's control and can be managed through proper planning and coordination.

Correct Answer: Allow additional time for external factors to be resolved

The purpose of adding 'lag time' between tasks in project management is to allow additional time for unforeseen events or issues that could delay the project. In this context, Task A and Task B have 3 days of lag time added in between them, which means the project manager is accounting for external factors that could potentially slow down the progress between these two tasks. This could include a variety of external factors including potential time for resolving unexpected technical issues, waiting for client feedback, the delivery of necessary materials, regulatory approval, etc. The other options are incorrect because adding lag time does not speed up the project schedule, reduce project costs, or change the project scope. In fact, it could potentially extend the project schedule and increase costs due to the additional days accounted for between tasks. The project scope is defined by the specific goals, deliverables, features, functions, tasks, deadlines, and costs, adding lag time does not change any of these attributes, it is merely a scheduling technique to manage project risks.