Directing a Project (DP) is one of the seven core processes in PRINCE2 methodology that operates at the strategic level and runs from project initiation to project closure. This process provides the Project Board with key decision points on whether to initiate, continue, or close a project based on…Directing a Project (DP) is one of the seven core processes in PRINCE2 methodology that operates at the strategic level and runs from project initiation to project closure. This process provides the Project Board with key decision points on whether to initiate, continue, or close a project based on viability and justification. The Project Board, comprised of executive, senior user, and senior supplier representatives, is accountable for the project's success and has ultimate authority. Within the DP process, the Project Board sets direction, makes major decisions, provides resources, monitors via reports and controls, and ensures business justification remains valid throughout the project lifecycle. The process encompasses five key activities: authorizing initiation, authorizing the project, authorizing a stage or exception plan, giving ad hoc direction, and authorizing project closure. By strategically positioning decision-making at the end of each management stage, PRINCE2 enables the Project Board to exercise proper control while delegating day-to-day management to the Project Manager. This approach creates a balance between governance oversight and operational efficiency. The DP process ensures that appropriate leadership is provided to the project, accountability is clearly defined, and strategic decisions align with business objectives. While Project Board members maintain their authority and responsibility, they only engage at specific decision points or by exception, making efficient use of senior management time while maintaining strategic control over the direction of the project.
The Complete Guide to Directing a Project (DP) in PRINCE2
Why Directing a Project (DP) is Important
Directing a Project (DP) is one of the seven fundamental processes in PRINCE2 methodology and represents the project governance layer. It is crucial because it:
• Provides the interface between project management and corporate or programme management • Ensures the project remains viable and aligned with business objectives • Establishes clear accountability and decision-making at the Project Board level • Creates a framework for senior management involvement that is efficient and effective • Enables strategic direction while avoiding micromanagement
What is Directing a Project (DP)?
Directing a Project is the process through which the Project Board provides overall guidance and direction to a project. The Project Board is responsible for the project's success and has the authority to direct the project within the constraints set by corporate or programme management.
The DP process runs from project initiation to project closure and operates at a decision-making level above the Project Manager. It focuses on four key areas:
1. Initiating a project - Deciding whether to proceed with the project 2. Providing ad hoc direction - Making decisions when required during the project 3. Stage boundary management - Reviewing progress and committing to next stages 4. Project closure - Confirming the project can be closed and evaluating its success
How Directing a Project Works
The DP process operates through five main activities:
1. Authorize initiation (DP1) - The Project Board reviews the Project Brief and approves the Initiation Stage Plan, allowing the project to formally begin.
2. Authorize the project (DP2) - After reviewing the Project Initiation Documentation (PID), the Board decides whether to proceed with the delivery phase of the project.
3. Authorize a Stage or Exception Plan (DP3) - At each stage boundary, the Board reviews progress and decides whether to approve the next stage plan or an exception plan if needed.
4. Give ad hoc direction (DP4) - Throughout the project, the Board provides guidance, makes decisions on issues escalated by the Project Manager, and ensures the project remains aligned with business goals.
5. Authorize project closure (DP5) - The Board confirms that the project has met its objectives, accepts the final product, and authorizes formal closure.
Exam Tips: Answering Questions on Directing a Project (DP)
1. Understand the Project Board roles Remember that the Project Board consists of three key roles: Executive (ultimately accountable), Senior User (represents users' interests), and Senior Supplier (represents those providing the solution). Questions may test your understanding of their specific responsibilities within the DP process.
2. Know the boundaries Be clear about what falls under the Project Board's responsibility versus the Project Manager's. The Board directs but does not manage day-to-day activities. They make decisions at key points but delegate project management to the Project Manager.
3. Recognize decision points The Project Board makes decisions at specific points: authorizing initiation, authorizing the project, authorizing stage plans, providing ad hoc direction, and authorizing closure. Questions often test when these decisions should occur.
4. Connect with other processes Understand how DP interacts with other PRINCE2 processes, especially: • Starting Up a Project (SU) - which feeds into DP1 • Initiating a Project (IP) - which feeds into DP2 • Managing a Stage Boundary (SB) - which feeds into DP3 • Closing a Project (CP) - which feeds into DP5
5. Remember the management products Know which management products are reviewed and approved during the DP process: • Project Brief (in DP1) • Project Initiation Documentation (in DP2) • End Stage Reports and next Stage Plans (in DP3) • Exception Reports and Exception Plans (in DP3) • End Project Report (in DP5)
6. Focus on purpose, not just process Exam questions often test your understanding of why certain activities are performed, not just what they are. Always consider the underlying purpose of each DP activity.
7. Master the terminology Use precise PRINCE2 terminology in your answers. Refer to specific activities like "Authorize initiation (DP1)" rather than general descriptions.
8. Understand escalation paths Know when issues should be escalated to the Project Board and when they can be handled by the Project Manager. This is a common exam topic.
9. Consider the tailoring principle Remember that PRINCE2 can be tailored to suit different project environments, but the essential elements of project direction must remain. Questions may ask how DP might be tailored for different scenarios.
10. Practice with scenarios PRINCE2 exams often present scenarios and ask you to determine the appropriate DP activity or decision. Practice analyzing scenarios and identifying the correct DP response.