Motivation theories

Correct Answer: Equity Theory

Equity Theory focuses on the fairness of recognition and rewards among employees, ensuring that individuals feel their contributions are valued relative to their peers. Expectancy Theory centers on the relationship between effort, performance, and outcomes. Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory differentiates between hygiene factors and motivators affecting job satisfaction. Self-Determination Theory emphasizes the role of intrinsic motivation and autonomy in employee motivation.

Correct Answer: Power

The correct answer is Power. In McClelland's Theory of Needs, the need for Power is defined by an individual's desire to influence, lead, and have control over others. This need drives people to seek positions of authority and to impact organizational outcomes. The other needs in the theory are Achievement, which focuses on the pursuit of excellence and goal attainment; Affiliation, which centers on the desire for friendly and supportive relationships; and Autonomy, which relates to the need for independence and self-direction. While these needs are important, they do not specifically emphasize the desire to lead and influence others as the need for Power does.

Correct Answer: Clearly communicate the criteria for rewards and ensure a fair distribution.

The best action is to clearly communicate the criteria for rewards and ensure a fair distribution. This approach directly addresses employees' perceptions of fairness, which is central to Equity Theory. By transparently outlining how rewards are determined and ensuring they are distributed fairly, the manager can alleviate feelings of inequity among employees. Increasing overall rewards might not resolve the underlying fairness issues, offering additional training does not address reward perceptions, and implementing a competitive reward system could exacerbate feelings of inequity.