OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) citations and penalties are integral aspects of workplace health, safety, and security management, particularly for SHRM Certified Professionals. OSHA citations are formal notices issued to employers following inspections that identify violations of occupational safety and health standards. These citations categorize violations based on their severity: 1. **Routine Violations** (e.g., failures to comply with recordkeeping requirements), 2. **Serious Violations** (situations with substantial probability of death or serious harm), 3. **Other-Than-Serious Violations** (lesser probability of harm), 4. **Willful Violations** (deliberate or reckless disregard of safety standards), 5. **Repeated Violations** (reinstatement of a prior violation within a specified timeframe), 6. **De Minimis Violations** (minor deviations with no direct impact on safety). Penalties are monetary fines imposed corresponding to the violation category. For example, as of 2023, penalties for serious violations can exceed $13,653 per violation, while willful and repeated violations can reach up to $136,532 or more, depending on the severity and context. For SHRM Certified Professionals, understanding OSHA citations and penalties is essential for developing effective safety programs, ensuring compliance, and mitigating financial and reputational risks. Proactive measures include conducting regular workplace assessments, training employees, maintaining accurate records, and fostering a culture of safety. In the event of a citation, employers have rights to contest the violation, request an informal conference, or seek abatement to reduce penalties by correcting the cited issues promptly. Compliance with OSHA standards not only avoids penalties but also enhances employee well-being, productivity, and organizational reputation. Therefore, integrating OSHA citation management into the broader framework of workplace health, safety, and security is crucial for sustainable business operations and workforce management.