Scrum Backlog Refinement, also known as Grooming, is not a formal event in Scrum but it is a significant activity often conducted in the middle of Sprints. It involves refining, detailing, and ordering backlog items, usually by estimating effort or size and making high-level design considerations. The Product Owner leads Backlog Refinement, and the Development Team assists to create a more detailed and prioritized Product Backlog. The major goal of Backlog Refinement is to keep the Backlog transparent, visible, and understood and assure upcoming backlog items are prepared for future sprints.

Scrum Planning is an important event that kicks off every Scrum Sprint. The purpose of the Scrum Planning session is to define the work and strategy for the upcoming sprint. It is attended by the Product Owner, Scrum Master and the Development Team. During the meeting, the Product Owner presents the objectives of the sprint and the ordered Product Backlog items. The entire Scrum Team collaboratively decides on what scope will be accomplished during the Sprint. This meeting helps align the team towards a common goal and sets the tone for the entire sprint.

The Daily Standup (also known as the Daily Scrum) is an event that happens every working day and lasts for 15 minutes. During this event, team members discuss what they have completed since the last meeting, what they plan to complete before the next one, and any challenges that may hinder their progress. The standup is not a status update meeting, but a ceremony for team members to align on their tasks and plan their work effectively. It promotes transparency, inspection, and adaptation, the three pillars of Scrum.

The Scrum Review is an event that takes place at the end of each sprint. The purpose of this event is to inspect the Increment of potentially shippable product produced during the Sprint and gets feedback from the stakeholders. The Scrum team presents what they have accomplished during the sprint and the Product Owner discusses the Product Backlog as it stands. This event allows stakeholders to provide feedback which could lead to changes in the Product Backlog.

A Sprint is a time-boxed period during which specific work has to be completed and prepared for review. Sprints can be one week to one month long, but most commonly last two weeks. The objective is to create a potentially shippable product increment. No changes are made that would endanger the Sprint Goal once the Sprint is underway. Furthermore, quality goals do not decrease, and scope may be clarified and renegotiated between the Product Owner and Development Team as more is learned.

Each Sprint has a Sprint Goal which is a short, straightforward description of the outcome the team hopes to achieve during the Sprint. The Sprint Goal guides the Development Team on why it is building the Increment. It has the benefits of providing flexibility regarding the functionality implemented within the Sprint and enhances focus and collaboration.

Scrum Rules are guidelines that govern the application and execution of Scrum. This is essential to understanding the practices, roles, events and artifacts. The rules of Scrum bind these elements together and promote redundancy in the framework. The rules of Scrum also include the principles and values that provide a foundation for the implementation of empirical process control.

Scrum uses time-boxing for its events to ensure regularity and to minimize redundancy. Time-boxing is used to limit the amount of time a team can spend on a task. It encourages rapid feedback, swift decision-making, and greater transparency. Time-boxes in Scrum includes the Sprint itself (typically 2-4 weeks), the Daily Scrum (typically 15 minutes), the Sprint Review (a maximum of 4 hours for a month-long Sprint), and the Sprint Retrospective (a maximum of 3 hours for a month-long Sprint).

The Scrum Sprint Retrospective is a meeting that takes place after the Sprint Review and before the next Sprint Planning. The purpose of this event is to reflect on the last sprint— what went well, what didn't go as expected, and what could be improved for the next sprint. All members of the Scrum team participate in this event to openly discuss and adapt their way of working in the next Sprint. The Scrum Master, although might facilitate this meeting, ensures that participants understand its purpose. The Scrum Sprint Retrospective promotes a culture of continuous improvement, transparency, and openness.