Wireless Penetration Testing - IoT

Wireless Penetration Testing for IoT (Internet of Things) involves systematically evaluating the security of IoT devices and their associated wireless communication protocols to identify vulnerabilities that attackers could exploit. IoT devices typically use protocols like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, Z-Wave, LoRaWAN, and RFID for communication. These devices often have constrained resources, limited security features, and may operate on legacy firmware that receives infrequent updates. The testing process includes: 1. Reconnaissance: Identifying IoT devices, their protocols, frequencies (2.4GHz, 5GHz, 900MHz, etc.), and signal strengths using specialized equipment like software-defined radios (SDRs), Wi-Fi analyzers, and Bluetooth scanners. 2. Protocol Analysis: Examining communication protocols for weaknesses by capturing and analyzing traffic with tools like Wireshark or specialized IoT protocol analyzers. 3. Authentication Testing: Assessing device authentication mechanisms, looking for default credentials, weak password policies, or broken authentication flows. 4. Encryption Analysis: Checking if sensitive data is properly encrypted during transmission; many IoT devices transmit data in cleartext. 5. Firmware Analysis: Extracting and examining device firmware for hardcoded credentials, backdoors, or other vulnerabilities. 6. API Security Testing: Evaluating any cloud APIs or mobile applications that interface with IoT devices. 7. Physical Security: Assessing hardware security through interfaces like UART, JTAG, or SPI which may provide access to the device's operating system. Common tools include Aircrack-ng, Kismet, Wireshark, BlueZ, Ubertooth, HackRF, and specialized IoT testing frameworks. The goal is to provide a comprehensive security assessment that helps manufacturers and implementers address vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them, protecting both the devices and the networks they connect to from compromise.

Wireless Penetration Testing for IoT (Internet of Things) involves systematically evaluating the security of IoT devices and their associated wireless communication protocols to identify vulnerabilit…