Process definition, statistical fundamentals, measurement system analysis, and capability studies.
The Measure phase focuses on quantifying the current state of processes. It includes process definition tools (SIPOC, process mapping, fishbone diagrams, FMEA), Six Sigma statistics (descriptive statistics, normal distributions, graphical analysis), measurement system analysis (Gage R&R, precision, accuracy, bias), and process capability analysis to establish baseline performance.
5 minutes
5 Questions
The Measure Phase is the second stage in the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) methodology, which serves as the foundation for data-driven decision making in Lean Six Sigma projects. This phase focuses on establishing a clear baseline of current process performance and collecting relevant data to understand the extent of the problem identified during the Define Phase.
During this phase, teams identify what needs to be measured and develop a comprehensive data collection plan. Key activities include defining the metrics that matter most to the project, such as defects per unit, cycle time, or customer satisfaction scores. The team must ensure that the measurement system is reliable and accurate through Measurement System Analysis (MSA), which validates that the data collected truly reflects process performance.
Process mapping is a critical component where teams create detailed flowcharts or value stream maps to visualize how work flows through the system. This helps identify where measurements should be taken and reveals potential areas of waste or variation.
The Measure Phase also involves calculating process capability metrics like Cp, Cpk, and sigma levels to quantify how well the process meets customer specifications. Teams establish the current baseline performance, which becomes the benchmark against which improvements will be compared.
Data collection methods may include sampling strategies, check sheets, automated data capture systems, or historical records analysis. The team must determine appropriate sample sizes to ensure statistical validity while remaining practical.
Key deliverables from this phase include a validated measurement system, documented current state process maps, baseline performance metrics, and a clear understanding of variation sources. These outputs provide the factual foundation needed for the subsequent Analyze Phase, where root causes will be investigated. Success in this phase ensures that future decisions are based on accurate, reliable information rather than assumptions or opinions.The Measure Phase is the second stage in the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) methodology, which serves as the foundation for data-driven decision making in Lean Six Sigma projects. This phase focuses on establishing a clear baseline of current process performance and collecting r…